Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Explain a solid angle Explain luminous flux, luminous intensity, illuminance and luminance Describe the two laws of illumination Explain…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Explain what focimetry is Discuss the principles underlying focimetry Be able to link focimetry with your understanding of spherical…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Explain the key features of a wave (wavelength, phase, amplitude) Explain the difference between phase difference and path difference…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Explain what a ray diagram is Draw an accurate ray diagram for a convex lens Draw an accurate diagram…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Describe what a prism is Explain what the minimum angle of deviation is Define a ‘critical angle’ Discuss how…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Explain what dispersion is Understand how dispersion occurs Explain how rainbows are produced Explain what chromatic aberration is Discuss…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Outline all the important features of a reduced eye Outline the difference between a spherical refractive error and a…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Define the laws of reflection Calculate the angle of reflection Understand image formation at a plane mirror Understand how…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Explain what vergence and refraction are Explain how sign convention works, and be able to determine whether a distance…

Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Define what a ‘thick lens’ is, and calculate how to measure thickness Understand the relationship between thickness, curvature of…