10.1055/b-0034-77985 Patient-reported Outcome Measures and Measurement Tools in RhinologyClaire Hopkins and Christos Georgalas Summary Patients now rightly expect their doctors to record outcomes of clinical care. Clinical measures are becoming…
10.1055/b-0034-77981 Genetics in RhinologyElina Toskala and Hakon Hakonarson Summary Diseases that affect the upper airways, including allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), are complex disorders with clear genetic factors, most…
10.1055/b-0034-92462 Central Causes of Facial ParalysisJ. Gail Neely Central facial paralysis classically presents unilaterally, contralateral to the central lesion, as (1) paresis of the lower face, with sparing of the…
10.1055/b-0034-92467 Surgical Management of the EyeGuy G. Massry Facial nerve paresis has potentially significant ophthalmic and oculoplastic implications. Distal branches of the nerve innervate the orbicularis oculi muscle, which functions…
10.1055/b-0034-92459 Facial Weakness as a Complication of Otologic DiseasesThomas E. Linder The facial nerve is quite resistant to infectious lesions within the temporal bone. In an Australian database of 1,074…
10.1055/b-0034-92455 Bell Palsy and Ramsay Hunt SyndromeShingo Murakami Bell palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome are two major causes of acute peripheral facial palsy, accounting for approximately two-thirds of all cases….
10.1055/b-0034-92464 Facial Nerve MonitoringEmily Z. Stucken, Kevin D. Brown, and Samuel H. Selesnick Injury to the facial nerve is one of the most feared and potentially devastating complications of otologic…
10.1055/b-0034-92449 Histopathology of Facial Nerve DisordersJose N. Fayad and Fred H. Linthicum Jr. The normal histology of the facial nerve needs defining before discussing the histopathology. The facial nerve is…
10.1055/b-0034-92452 Imaging of the Facial NerveAjay Gupta and C. Douglas Phillips With the advent of high-resolution multidetector computed tomography (CT; using 16- and 64-detector arrays) and increasing field strength (3…
10.1055/b-0034-92450 Facial Nerve Paralysis ExaminationBabak Azizzadeh, Jonathan S. Kulbersh, and Brendan P. O′Connell The facial nerve provides motor, sensory, and parasympathic innervation to the head and neck. The functional and…
