Special Considerations
14 Special Considerations DIFFICULT DOCKING The following are 5 main factors that may coexist and result in difficult docking: small palpebral fissure (Figure 14-1), lid squeezing, conjunctival chalasis (Figure 14-2),…
Practical Optics
CHAPTER 1 Practical Optics GOAL OF REFRACTION ♦ Optically, the purpose of refraction is to place a focal point onto the retina. ♦ Clinically, refraction is how we determine best corrected visual…
Subjective Refraction and Lens Prescription
CHAPTER 2 Subjective Refraction and Lens Prescription THE PHOROPTER Subjective refraction begins with the result from retinoscopy, autorefraction, or the patient’s current glasses. When no prior information is available, subjective…
Case Studies
CHAPTER 3 Case Studies The case studies are presented in a question-and-answer format. They are composite cases representing situations that will present to the refractionist. The principles discussed apply equally…
Comprehending Business Finance
9 Comprehending Business Finance Beware of little expenses; a small leak will sink a great ship. — Benjamin Franklin INTRODUCTION Most people first think of numbers and computations when asked…
Providing Leadership
1 Providing Leadership If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader. — John Quincy Adams INTRODUCTION The title of…
Understanding Organizational Behavior
2 Understanding Organizational Behavior Growing a culture requires a good storyteller. Changing a culture requires a persuasive editor. — Ryan Lilly INTRODUCTION Although understanding an organization’s vision is important, a…
Maximizing Human Resources
3 Maximizing Human Resources Human resources isn’t a thing we do.It’s the thing that runs our business. — Steve Wynn INTRODUCTION At the end of the day, ocular care is…
Applying Economics
5 Applying Economics Economics is a social science, not a physical science. — Jim Stanford INTRODUCTION Everyone’s life, including that of a practitioner, is filled with examples of economics and…
Utilizing Statistics
11 Utilizing Statistics Be able to analyze statistics, which can be used to support or undercut almost any argument. — Marilyn vos Savant INTRODUCTION There are only a few instances…
