Ento Key

Fig. 6.1 Above: 25 gauge needle, 9 cm long, connected Luer-lock to a 20 cc syringe, for the infiltration of anesthetic and vasoconstrictor solution (20 cc of lidocaine 2 %,…

Fig. 4.1 The chemical structure of hyaluronic acid In recent years, HA has aroused the interest of phonosurgeons as its viscoelastic properties, widely studied, are very similar to those of…

Fig. 2.1 Cartilages of the larynx and ligaments Fig. 2.2 Larynx viewed from above 2.1.1 Cricoid Cartilage The cricoid cartilage is a ring of hyaline cartilage, which in youth is…

Fig. 3.1 Left vocal cord paralysis in intermediate position (a) with glottic insufficiency during phonation (b) Even dysphonia in most cases tends to fade, thanks to the compensation of the…

Fig. 5.1 Unilateral vocal fold paralysis: microscopic view Fig. 5.2 Unilateral vocal fold paralysis: results after injective laryngoplasty with Vox® implants Framework surgery usually provides long-term benefit to voice quality…

Fig. 8.1 Anterior view of the laryngeal cartilages showing difference between mature and immature larynx Fig. 8.2 Posterior view of the laryngeal cartilages showing difference between mature and immature larynx…

Fig. 7.1 Trans-thyroid cartilage approach Fig. 7.2 Trans-thyroid cartilage approach Transcricothyroid Approach [12] (Fig. 7.3): the patient was asked to assume a sitting position with the neck extended. A 26-gauge…