Ocular Manifestations of Child Abuse
Fig. 5.1 CT of brain. Note subdural hemorrhage extending into the interhemispheric fissure Although not obligatory, neck injury , including injury to the soft tissues as well as the cervical…
Ocular Manifestations of Pediatric Renal Diseases
Malformation/hypoplasia Renal-coloboma syndrome Wilms tumor-aniridia (WAGR contiguous deletion syndrome) CHARGE syndrome Alagille syndrome Branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR) Fraser syndrome Ciliopathies Nephronophthisis (NPHP) syndromes (see Table 18.3) including: Senior-Løken syndrome Bardet-Biedl syndrome…
Ocular Manifestations of Endocrinologic Diseases
Fig. 9.1 Prolactinoma with invasion of sphenoid sinus (small white arrow) and midline shift (large white arrow) Definition Pituitary Adenoma Pituitary tumors are defined by size and whether they secrete…
Ocular Manifestations of Vitamin Disorders
Vitamin Ocular manifestations Systemic manifestations A Night blindness, xerosis, keratomalacia Keratinization of mucous membranes and skin, growth retardation, anemia B1 (thiamine) Nystagmus, diplopia, ophthalmoplegia, angular blepharoconjunctivitis; blepharoptosis in infantile beriberi;…
Ocular Manifestations of Neurologic Diseases
Medication Ophthalmic side effects Management Phenytoin Oculomotor dysfunction (nystagmus, opsoclonus, gaze palsy) Reduce dose Carbamazepine Oculomotor dysfunction Reduce dose Steroids: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and decadron A. Cataracts A. May require…
Ocular Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Disease
Interpretation HBsAg Anti HBs HBeAg Anti HBe Anti HBc HBV DNA Stage of HBV infection Acute HBV + − + − IgM + Chronic HBV • Immunotolerant + − +…
Ocular Manifestations of Cardiac Disease
Fig. 4.1 Dilated and tortuous retinal veins and arteries characteristic of cyanosis retinae [2] Carpenter, in 1894, described the “everyday experience” of extracardiac malformations in patients with CHD, including ocular…
Ocular Manifestations of Pediatric Pulmonary Diseases
Subtype Median age at diagnosis [171, 187] Proportion of PPB cases [171, 187] Histopathology [171] Distant metastasis [187, 188] Recurrence [171, 187] Overall survival [171, 176, 187] Type I 8–10…
Ocular Manifestations of Psychiatric Diseases
Visual acuity Decreased, blurred, and/or fluctuating visual activity, monocular or binocular Total or partial blindness/amaurosis, usually monocular Amblyopia, photophobic amblyopia, one or both eyes Looking past objects, jumbling of print,…
Ocular Manifestations of Allergic and Immunologic Diseases
Class Medications Mast cell stabilizers Cromolyn sodium 4 % (Crolom, Opticrom) Lodoxamide tromethamine 0.1 % (Alomide) Nedocromil sodium 2 % (Alocril) H1 receptor antagonists Emedastine difumarate 0.05 % (Emadine) Levocabastine…
