section epub:type=”chapter” role=”doc-chapter”> 3 Mouth and Pharynx 3.1 Applied Anatomy and Physiology 3.1.1 Basic Anatomy 3.1.1.1 Oral Cavity The oral cavity is bounded anteriorly by the lips, posteriorly by the anterior faucial arch, inferiorly…
section epub:type=”chapter” role=”doc-chapter”> 4 Larynx and Hypopharynx 4.1 Larynx—Applied Anatomy and Physiology 4.1.1 Basic Anatomy and Physiology 4.1.1.1 Embryology The larynx develops from a two-part anlage: the supraglottis develops from a buccopharyngeal bud, and…
section epub:type=”chapter” role=”doc-chapter”> 8 Neck and Thyroid Gland 8.1 Applied Anatomy and Physiology The neck supports the head, allows it to move, and connects it to the trunk. It consists of an…
section epub:type=”chapter” role=”doc-chapter”> 7 Esophagus and Swallowing Diseases of the esophagus encompass several disciplines. This chapter discusses the otolaryngologic aspects involved, particularly endoscopy and the clinical aspects and treatment of esophageal…
section epub:type=”chapter” role=”doc-chapter”> 5 Voice, Speech, and Language Nonorganic voice disorders, speech fluency, articulation, and language are a field for specialized physicians, known as phoniatricians. The training provided for these specialists…
Have you ever started a long round feeling sharp, only to hit a mental wall later—misreading a line, forgetting your routine, or making a “what was I thinking?” decision? You’re…
Inflammation can have an important role in the human body. However, when this defense mechanism goes awry, proinflammatory cytokines can be released, triggering and sustaining inflammation in the body. Learn…
