Fig. 2.1 (a–e) A schematic drawing of the FLEx-procedure. The VisuMax® femtosecond laser system cuts the back of the refractive lenticule (a) followed by its front surface incision (b) followed…
Fig. 8.1 The titan tip of a nano laser (ARC, Germany). The laser induces a plasma and shock wave and disrupts the nucleus. The nuclear material is aspirated through the…
Obesity (BMI >30 kgm−2) Large ipsilateral goiter Previous surgery to the neck Previous radiotherapy to the neck Important co-comorbidity (ASA>2) Suspicion of parathyroid carcinoma Ipsilateral acromioclavicular osteoarthritis The ideal RP…
Fig. 12.1 The position of the patient is supine with the head rotated to the contralateral side of the approach just as you would perform a parotidectomy. The neck, however,…
Fig. 13.1 Axial T1-weighted with gadolinium magnetic resonance images of a 78-year-old patient with prestyloid parapharyngeal pleomorphic adenoma; (a) preoperative, (b) 2 months postoperative 13.2 Surgical Anatomy The parapharyngeal space…
Fig. 7.1 Medrobotics Flex robot, approved for transoral robotic surgery in 2015 7.3 Indications The current indications for robotic-assisted surgery for tonsillar cancer are tumors amenable to total resection with…
Fig. 10.1 Ipsilateral hand position: extended over the forehead, elbow flexed at 90° The axillary incision may be marked, while the patient is sitting, with the arms relaxed in a…
Fig. 17.1 Da Vinci Surgical System 2010 Intuitive Surgical, Inc. (With permission) [13] Using this system, tremor filtering, movement scaling, increased range of motion, and improved ergonomics could be achieved….
Fig. 16.1 Traditional surgical approach to oropharyngeal tumors (lip splitting and mandibulotomy). This technique is associated with disfigurement and with an increased risk of osteoradionecrosis and fracture at the mandibulotomy…
Fig. 19.1 Components of the Flex® Robotic System Fig. 19.2 Surgeon uses joystick-like controller on Flex® Console to position scope Fig. 19.3 The base can be angled via the lockable…
