Fetal week Inner ear 3rd Auditory placode; auditory pit 4th Auditory vesicle (otocyst); vestibular-cochlear division 6th Utricle and saccule present; semicircular canal begins 7th One cochlear coil present; sensory cells…
Fig. 11.1 Typical developmental changes in vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (c-VMEPs) in normal infant and children 11.2 VEMPs in Infants with Congenital Profound Hearing Loss Colebatch et al. [3] showed that…
Fig. 4.1 Structure of the cochlea. A semi-thin plastic section through the cochlea of a 2-month-old rat. OC organ of Corti, TM tectorial membrane, SGN spiral ganglion neuron. Scale bar…
Fig. 8.1 Reformatted parasagittal oblique MRI images. (a) A normal cochlear nerve of larger diameter than the facial nerve. F facial nerve, C cochlear nerve, SV super. (b) A hypoplastic…
Fig. 9.1 Audiological and vestibular findings in a 2-year-old girl with OTOF mutation. (a) Audiogram. (b) Distortion product otoacoustic emission. (c) Auditory brainstem responses in response to 105 dBnHL clicks….
© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2017Kimitaka Kaga (ed.)Cochlear Implantation in Children with Inner Ear Malformation and Cochlear Nerve DeficiencyModern Otology and Neurotology10.1007/978-981-10-1400-0_7 7. Outcome of Cochlear Implantation in Children with Cochlear Nerve Deficiency and/or…
Fig. 5.1 Classification system of inner ear malformation which was relevant to the varying stages of inner ear organogenesis 5.2 Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss 5.2.1 DFNB4/Pendred Syndrome DFNB4 is characterized by…
© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2017Kimitaka Kaga (ed.)Cochlear Implantation in Children with Inner Ear Malformation and Cochlear Nerve DeficiencyModern Otology and Neurotology10.1007/978-981-10-1400-0_3 3. Embryology of Cochlear Nerve and Its Deficiency Irumee Pai1 (1) St. Thomas’…
Associated with trauma Endophthalmitis before primary repair Endophthalmitis after primary repair Pain Pain out of proportion to the degree of trauma Increased pain Visual loss Visual loss worse than media…
