Nonneovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
AMD can be classified into two forms: nonneovascular (dry) and neovascular (wet or exudative). Nonneovascular or dry AMD accounts for 85 to 90% of all cases of AMD. Dry AMD…
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Fibrotic Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Fibrotic Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Eric Souied and Alexandra Miere Summary Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) reveals, in the majority of cases, distinctive,…
Anterior Ethmoidal Artery Septal Flap
Surgical Anatomy Numerous flap designs have been described in the literature to close septal perforations. Advancement or rotation of mucoperichondrial/mucoperiosteal tissue from the nasal septum or nasal floor has been…
Pericranial Flap and Endoscopic Septal Repair
Introduction The pericranial flap has been used for/in many different surgical applications since first described by Wolfe in 1978, 1 due to its excellent vascularity and strength. 2 These applications…
Nasal Septum and Nasal Wall Vascularization
Introduction The nasal cavity has a rich vascular network. Arteries that supply the nasal septum and the lateral nasal wall include vessels originating from the external carotid artery (maxillary and…
Nasal Anatomy
Summary The nasal cavity is the space comprised in between the external nares and the choanae. In the sagittal axis, this space is divided into two cavities by the nasal…
“Slide and Patch” Technique
Indications This approach is indicated when the patient has a rounded or oval perforation with larger diameter between 5 and 30 mm. Patients with septal perforation and no past history…
Unilateral Nasal Floor and Inferior Meatus Flap
Anatomy The floor of the nose is a horizontal structure placed on a slightly lower level than the anterior nares. It is composed of the premaxilla bone and palatine bone…
Nasal Perforation and Septal Prosthesis
Anatomy The nasal septum divides the nose into two similar halves. The majority of the anterior septum is made up by the quadrangular cartilage. The posterior aspect of the septum…
Facial Artery Musculomucosal Flap
Indications Large septal perforations (≥ 2 cm) Septal perforation in patients with poor quality or lack of intranasal tissues such as those with previous radiation therapy in the concerned area,…
