Pars Planitis
Features Intermediate uveitis is the general terminology for inflammation localized predominantly in the vitreous, ciliary body, and peripheral retina that may or may not be associated with an infectious agent…
Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy
28.1 Features Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is known to be more common in people of Asian and African ancestry. Clinically, PCV is characterized by polypoidal aneurysmal dilations of network vessels originating…
Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy
Features Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) is an idiopathic bilateral inflammatory condition most often affecting young individuals aged 20 to 40 years with equal sex predilection. The disease…
Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome
Features Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) is unilateral, multifocal retinitis that affects young, myopic women aged 12 to 57 years, with a mean age of 27 years. Females are…
Retinitis Pigmentosa
36.1 Features Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous conditions affecting approximately 1 in 4,000 individuals. RP can be inherited in an autosomal dominant (15–25%), autosomal recessive…
Best Disease
32.1 Features Autosomal dominant (AD) cases have early age of onset and diagnosis occurs in early childhood to teenage years. In a minority of patients, a choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) can…
Ocriplasmin Retinopathy
Features Ocriplasmin is a recombinant truncated form of plasmin approved by the FDA in 2012 for the treatment of symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion. The enzyme has nonspecific proteolytic activity against multiple…
Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy
Features Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is an inherited vitreoretinal disease characterized by abnormal retinal vascular development. FEVR is a lifelong disease that often shows progression with periods of quiescence and…
Toxoplasmosis
52.1 Features Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis is the most common cause of infectious posterior uveitis in immunocompetent individuals and is a result of congenital or acquired infection with the ubiquitous intracellular protozoan parasite…
Coats Disease
Features Coats disease, first described in 1908, is a sporadic vascular disorder of the retina. The mean age of presentation is 5 years and is most commonly seen unilaterally in…
