Synaptic Contacts Between Hair Cells and Primary Neurons
Fig. 7.1 Hair cell synapses in the cochlea [2] Synaptic ribbons are electron-dense structures that are located at the base of hair cells and play a role as a pool…
Cochlear Lateral Wall
Fig. 5.1 Cochlear lateral wall and potassium ion recycling. The ionic composition with high potassium concentration and endocochlear potential are maintained by ion transport through the cochlear lateral wall. Potassium…
Development and Regeneration
Fig. 10.1 Induction of stem cells or transdifferentiation requires developmentally important factors that regulate process of differentiation, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis 10.2 Pluripotent Stem Cells and Development Induction of pluripotent…
Spiral Ganglion Cell and Auditory Neuron
Fig. 6.1 Schematic illustration showing the anatomical relationships between the auditory nerve (AuN) and the surrounding structures. The auditory nerve is a bundle of bipolar neurons that form synaptic contacts…
Tectorial Membrane
Fig. 9.1 (a) The schema showing the morphological relationship between the organ of Corti and TM. The limbal zone is the lesion where TM is attached to the spiral limbus,…
Stereocilia
Fig. 4.1 Main molecules for the functional stereocilia. CDH23: cadherin 23, PCDH15: protocadherin 15, TMC: transmembrane channel-like protein (Modified from [36]) MET channel is the essential component for the stereociliary…
Therapeutic Targets and Possible Strategies for Regenerative Medicine for the Inner Ear
Fig. 2.1 Schematic drawing of the strategies for hair cell regeneration 2.2.1 Self-Repair Before hair cells or spiral ganglion neurons disappear, the induction of self-repair may be a pragmatic strategy….
Inner Ear Fluid
, Yasuya Nomura2 and Yasuya Nomura3 (1) The Society for Promotion of International Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Tokyo, Japan (2) The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (3) Showa University, Tokyo, Japan Abstract All sensory…
Blood Vessels
, Yasuya Nomura2 and Yasuya Nomura3 (1) The Society for Promotion of International Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Tokyo, Japan (2) The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (3) Showa University, Tokyo, Japan Abstract Blood circulation…
