Mandibular Fractures
42 Mandibular FracturesLuv R. Javia Mandibular fractures are uncommon in children, and the incidence increases with age. They usually occur as a result of severe trauma and are often associated…
Malar Fractures
39 Malar FracturesLuv R. Javia Malar fractures usually occur as a result of direct trauma to the malar eminence (cheekbone). The malar bone fractures at its frontal, temporal, and maxillary…
Orbital Fracture
40 Orbital FractureLuv R. Javia Direct trauma to the eye may transmit force to the floor of the orbit causing multiple fractures in the floor while the orbital rim remains…
Nasal Tumors
13 Nasal TumorsKen Kazahaya Nasal tumors span the full range of intranasal pathology, but the vast majority of intranasal tumors in children are benign. 13-1 Lateral Rhinotomy Introduction This is…
Nasopharyngeal Stenosis
16 Nasopharyngeal StenosisJ. Paul Willging Nasopharyngeal stenosis usually occurs when there is extensive scarring following an adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy. 16-1 Repair of Nasopharyngeal Stenosis Indications Repair of nasopharyngeal stenosis is…
Periorbital Abscess
23 Periorbital AbscessLawrence W.C. Tom The most common complication of sinus infections in children is a periorbital subperiosteal abscess: a collection of pus between the bony orbital wall and periorbita….
Facial Lacerations
36 Facial LacerationsLuv R. Javia Facial lacerations are common in children as a result of their frequent falls and accidents. The majority of these injuries are superficial and require minimal…
Esophagoscopy
35 EsophagoscopyLisa M. Elden Introduction Esophagoscopy is the visual examination of the esophagus. Both flexible and rigid instruments are available for this procedure. Indications The presence or suspected presence of…
Intubation
32 IntubationSteven E. Sobol Endotracheal intubation in children with mandibular hypoplasia (Pierre Robin sequence, Treacher Collins syndrome) as well as other craniofacial anomalies has provided a challenge to otolaryngologists and…
