23 Parathyroid Imaging

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10.1055/b-0036-141913 23 Parathyroid ImagingRosemarie Metzger and Mira Milas 23.1 Introduction Much time has passed since the days when palpation and barium swallow studies were the preoperative localization methods of choice…

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21 Pathophysiology of the Parathyroid Glands

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10.1055/b-0036-141911 21 Pathophysiology of the Parathyroid GlandsBrendan C. Stack, Jr. and Galimat Khaidakova 21.1 Introduction The parathyroid glands are four glands located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid. The…

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27 Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Assay

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10.1055/b-0036-141917 27 Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone AssayLatha V. Pasupuleti and James A. Lee 27.1 Introduction Over the past few decades the surgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism has evolved dramatically. Historically, all…

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22 Parathyroid Carcinoma

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10.1055/b-0036-141912 22 Parathyroid CarcinomaJason P. Hunt and Richard B. Cannon 22.1 Introduction Hypercalcemia in the presence of high parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels usually signifies the presence of hyperparathyroidism. When these…

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6 Thyroid Imaging

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10.1055/b-0036-141896 6 Thyroid ImagingBruce Curtiss Gilbert and Ramon E. Figueroa 6.1 Introduction Imaging of the thyroid is an important complement to the clinical examination and laboratory analysis in the evaluation…

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14 Minimally Invasive Thyroid Surgery

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10.1055/b-0036-141904 14 Minimally Invasive Thyroid SurgeryPaolo Miccoli and Gabriele Materazzi 14.1 Introduction Minimally invasive thyroid surgery offers several advantages over the traditional thyroidectomy procedure in carefully selected patients. Shorter incision…

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15 Remote Access Thyroid Surgery

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10.1055/b-0036-141905 15 Remote Access Thyroid SurgeryKatrina Chaung and William S. Duke 15.1 Introduction Recent technological innovations have addressed growing patient interest in reducing the cosmetic impact of surgery, leading to…

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