Disorders of the Eyelids
Definitions and Epidemiology Print Section Listen The most common eyelid abnormality in children is ptosis (blepharoptosis), which causes drooping of the eyelid. The upper eyelid normally rests just below the…
Disorders of the Retina
Anatomy and Embryology Print Section Listen The retinal is a multilayered structure that lines the inside of the back of the eye. Light rays are focused on the retina by…
Diseases of the Cornea
Definitions and Epidemiology Print Section Listen The cornea is the clear structure at the front of the eye. When it is functioning normally it is not visible, just as a…
Disorders of the Optic Nerve
Anatomy and Embryology Print Section Listen The optic nerve is the structure at the back of the eye that carries visual information from the eye to the central nervous system…
Strabismus, Amblyopia, and Nystagmus
Strabismus Print Section Listen Definitions and Epidemiology Strabismus occurs when the visual axes of the eyes are misaligned. It is one of the most common disorders encountered in pediatric ophthalmology,…
Disorders of the Iris and Pupil
Anatomy and Embryology Print Section Listen The iris is a structure composed of connective tissue and blood vessels that lies just anterior to the lens. The central opening in the…
Diseases of the Conjunctiva
Definitions and Epidemiology Print Section Listen The conjunctiva is the clear layer of tissue that lines the inner eyelids (tarsal or palpebral conjunctiva) and the eyeball itself (bulbar conjunctiva). It…
Disorders of the Orbit
Anatomy and Embryology Print Section Listen The orbit is the space in the skull in which the eye and extraocular muscles are located. It is cone-shaped, widest anteriorly and tapering…
Disorders of the Lens
Definitions and Epidemiology Print Section Listen The lens is the normally clear structure that is located just posterior to the iris. The primary function of the lens is to focus…
