Surgical Ocular Surface Reconstruction
Definition Limbal stem cell deficiency is a devastating condition that can occur as the end result of a diverse set of etiologies. There are multiple surgical options to treat this…
Dry Eye Disease
Definition A multifactorial disease of the ocular surface characterized by deficient tear production and/or excessive tear evaporation, leading to loss of homeostasis of the tear film. Key Features • Symptoms:…
Corneal and External Eye Manifestations of Systemic Disease
Definition Disorders with corneal, external, and other anterior segment manifestations of systemic diseases and syndromes. Key Feature • External and anterior segment ocular anomalies as well as systemic abnormalities. Associated…
Stromal Corneal Dystrophies
Definition An inherited, bilateral disorder in which an abnormal substance accumulates in the cornea. Key Features • Characteristically bilateral. • Progressive. • Isolated to the cornea. Associated Features • Usually…
Corneal Degenerations
Definition Secondary deterioration or deposition in the cornea, distinct from dystrophies. Key Features • Common. • Bilateral usually. • Typically does not affect vision. Associated Features • Increased prevalence with…
Congenital Corneal Anomalies
Definition Developmental abnormalities of the cornea present at birth. Key Features • Inherited or sporadic but not acquired. • Generally involve dysgeneses of anterior segment mesenchyme. • Frequent association with…
Diseases of the Corneal Endothelium
Definition Diseases affecting the innermost layer of the cornea, which is in charge of regulating the hydration state of the corneal stroma. Key Features • Bilateral presentation. • Corneal clarity…
Basic Science of the Lens
IN THIS CHAPTER Additional content available online at ExpertConsult.com Definition A normally transparent intraocular structure whose function is to alter the pathway of light that has entered the eye to…
Herpes Simplex Keratitis
Definition Herpes simplex viral infection of the cornea. Key Features • Dendritic ulcer: classic feature of epithelial disease. • Focal endotheliitis (disciform keratitis): classic feature of stromal disease. Associated Features…
Bacterial Keratitis
Definition Corneal disease caused by bacterial organisms. Key Feature • Cellular infiltration of the corneal epithelium or stroma, corneal inflammation, and necrosis. Associated Features • Lid edema. • Conjunctival inflammation….
