Ento Key

The nasal bones are the most commonly fractured bones in the face. Acute nasal fractures may result in both nasal deformity and nasal airway obstruction. However, some controversy still surrounds…

Lengthening the short nose is one of the most difficult challenges in rhinoplasty. Etiologies for the development of a short nose include congenital, traumatic, iatrogenic (previous surgery), infectious, and granulomatous…

The nasal airway is of paramount importance to the astute rhinoplasty surgeon. Often, great aesthetic results are combined with poor functional outcomes, leading to dissatisfaction and the need for further…

Primum non nocere The first goal during rhinoplasty, as with all other aspects of medicine and surgery, is to do no harm, and it pertains to both nasal function and…

The nasal septum plays a critical role in both the function, as well as the aesthetics, of the human nose. Structurally, the septum forms the foundation of the nasal pyramid and acts…

Thin nasal skin readily reveals imperfections of the underlying osseocartilaginous framework and has profound implications for the surgical planning and execution of rhinoplasty. Thin skin may be a normal variant…

When it comes to the subject of rhinoplasty, many authors trivialize or overlook the role of nasal skin in cosmetic nasal surgery. Instead, interest is directed at the nasal skeleton…

General Considerations The crooked nose is neither a single entity nor a specific description. Crooked noses represent a spectrum of nasal deformities, most commonly of traumatic origin, that are associated…

A saddle nose deformity derives its name from the appearance of the nose on lateral view as the dorsal curve resembles the depression in a horse’s saddle. The gross deficiency…

Introduction From the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus to the Sushruta legacy to early nasal surgery techniques, the roots of modern-day rhinoplasty stem from the early beginnings of nasal reconstruction. Early…