Retina and Choroid

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Retina and Choroid

Trauma Choroidal Rupture Tear in choroid, Bruch’s membrane, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is usually seen after blunt trauma. Acutely, the rupture site may be obscured by hemorrhage; scars form…

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Cornea

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Cornea

Trauma Abrasion Corneal epithelial defect usually due to trauma. Patients note pain, foreign body sensation, photophobia, tearing, and red eye. May have normal or decreased visual acuity, conjunctival injection, and…

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Lids, Lashes, and Lacrimal System

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Lids, Lashes, and Lacrimal System

Eyelid Trauma Eyelid trauma must be evaluated thoroughly, because seemingly trivial trauma may threaten the viability of the globe. Embedded foreign bodies, incomplete eyelid closure, and lacrimal system damage can…

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Lens

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Lens

Congenital Anomalies Definition Variety of developmental lens abnormalities: Coloboma Focal inferior lens flattening due to ciliary body coloboma with absence of zonular support (not a true coloboma); other ocular colobomata…

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Iris and Pupils

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Iris and Pupils

Trauma Definition Figure 7-1 Composite drawing of the microscopic and gonioscopic anatomy. (Reproduced with permission from Becker B, Shaffer RN: Diagnosis and Therapy of the Glaucomas. St. Louis, CV Mosby…

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Optic Nerve and Glaucoma

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Optic Nerve and Glaucoma

Papilledema Definition Optic disc swelling caused by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Etiology Elevated ICP occurs in a variety of settings including: congenitally; with intracranial neoplasm or other mass; infection (meningitis,…

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Vitreous

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Vitreous

Amyloidosis Definition Group of diseases characterized by abnormal protein production and tissue deposition. Nonfamilial and familial forms; familial amyloidosis (autosomal dominant [AD]) caused by substitution errors in coding of prealbumin….

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Conjunctiva and Sclera

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Conjunctiva and Sclera

Trauma Foreign Body Exogenous material on, under, or embedded within the conjunctiva or sclera; commonly dirt, glass, metal, or cilia. Patients usually note foreign body sensation and redness; may have…

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Anterior Chamber

Aug 25, 2019 by in OPHTHALMOLOGY Comments Off on Anterior Chamber

Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma Definition Glaucoma due to obstruction of the trabecular meshwork by peripheral iris; classified as acute, subacute (intermittent), or chronic. Etiology/mechanism Pupillary Block Most common. Lens–iris apposition interferes…

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