Ian N. Jacobs Summary The mainstay for repair of severe laryngotracheal stenosis is either laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) with cartilage expansion using autologous cartilage or partial cricotracheal resection (CTR) where the…

Seth M. Pransky, Jeffrey D. Bernstein Summary Juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP) is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11. Transmission is believed to occur vertically from…

K. A. Stephenson, M. E. Wyatt Summary Advances in instrumentation and anesthetic techniques have expanded the boundaries of endoscopic airway surgery. Specialized microinstruments, the dilating balloon, laser, and powered microdebrider…

Gadi Fishman Summary There is not one single surgical technique to correct velopharyngeal insufficiency. The surgical approach typically depends on the pattern of the vellopharyngeal closure, its location and size,…

Blake Smith, Paul Krakovitz Summary Pediatric tracheostomy persists as a necessary armament of the airway surgeon despite evolving indications over the past several decades. The primary indications for tracheostomy include…

Annabelle Tay Sok Yan, Christine Barron, Tulio A. Valdez Summary Rigid bronchoscopy provides an excellent visualization of the airway. With the advancement in medical technology, the indications and uses continue…

Carol Nhan, Jean-Paul Marie, Karen B. Zur Summary This chapter will describe the evaluation, management, and surgical procedures used by the senior authors for the management of unilateral vocal fold…

Yoram Stern, Moshe Hain Summary Laryngomalacia is a common cause of neonate stridor and is usually managed conservatively. Severe cases with an indication for surgery are best managed by a…

Christine Fordham, Anna H. Messner Summary Tracheocutaneous fistula (TCF) repair is indicated in pediatric patients who have a persistent TCF 3 to 6 months following tracheostomy decannulation. The surgical repair…