Pediatric Thyroid Nodules and Malignancy
Proper management of pediatric thyroid nodules is crucial to achieving good outcomes. It is important to obtain a thorough history, including prior radiation exposure and family history of thyroid cancer…
Head and Neck Vascular Lesions
Vascular lesions of the head and neck are complex and diverse. These include infantile hemangioma, venous malformations, lymphatic malformations, and arteriovenous malformations, among others. Vascular malformations and tumors display different…
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst and Ectopic Thyroid
The embryology, presentation, imaging, and treatment of the thyroglossal duct cyst will be reviewed. Anatomic features and surgical technique to prevent complications and recurrence will be discussed. Included in the…
Branchial Cleft Anomalies and Thymic Cysts
Branchial cleft anomalies are a common cause of congenital neck masses and can present as a cyst, sinus, or fistula. A comprehensive understanding of the embryologic basis of these anomalies…
Rhabdomyosarcoma and Other Pediatric Temporal Bone Malignancies
This article outlines the nature of temporal bone malignancy in children, particularly from the viewpoint of a surgeon. This article includes a synopsis of the presentation, workup, and management options…
Cholesterol Granuloma and Other Petrous Apex Lesions
This article presents the latest information on the presentation, diagnosis, imaging characteristics, management, and outcomes for petrous apex cholesterol granulomas. An in-depth review of the pathophysiology and surgical approaches is…
Nonparaganglioma Jugular Foramen Tumors
This article discusses the epidemiology, presentation, and diagnostic work-up of nonparaganglioma jugular foramen tumors, and the management options and predicted outcomes. Paragangliomas are the most common jugular foramen tumors, but…
Contemporary Management of Jugular Paragangliomas
Jugular paragangliomas are generally benign slow-growing tumors that can cause pulsatile tinnitus, hearing loss, and cranial nerves neuropathy. Progressive growth can also lead to intracranial extension. Historically, the treatment of…
Endolymphatic Sac Tumors
Endolymphatic sac tumors (ELST) are slow-growing, locally aggressive, low-grade malignancies that originate from the epithelium of the endolymphatic duct and sac. ELST often present with sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and…
Adenomatous Tumors of the Middle Ear
Adenomatous tumors are an uncommon cause of a middle ear mass. Clinical findings may be nonspecific, leading to difficulties in differentiation from other middle ear tumors. Controversy also exists whether…
