Thick lenses
Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Define what a ‘thick lens’ is, and calculate how to measure thickness Understand the relationship between thickness, curvature of…
Thin lenses
Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Define ‘thin lens’ and apply the vergence equations from chapter 2 to thin lenses Determine linear magnification of an…
Basics of light and colour
Objectives After working through this chapter, you should be able to: Explain what light is in relation to the wave-particle duality Explain what the wavelength of light means in terms…
Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma)
Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma) Key Points Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) describes a soft tissue tumor of primitive mesenchymal origin that involves deep skeletal muscle, fascia, and adipose tissue…
Trichilemmal Carcinoma
Trichilemmal Carcinoma Key Points Trichilemmal carcinoma (TC) derives from the outer hair root sheath The pathogenesis of TC is not completely understood, but risk factors include UV and ionizing radiation,…
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Key Points Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant tumor of the squamous layer of cells of the epidermis, showing keratinocyte differentiation It is the second most…
Sebaceous Carcinoma
Sebaceous Carcinoma Key Points Sebaceous carcinoma (SbC) is a rare malignant and potentially lethal tumor derived from the adnexal epithelium of sebaceous glands It represents 0.05% of all cutaneous malignancies…
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma Key Points Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive tumor that develops from mesenchymal cells of uncertain origin It can occur in any anatomic location of the body where there is…
Primary Cutaneous Mucinous Carcinoma
Primary Cutaneous Mucinous Carcinoma Key Points Sweat gland tumors comprise a large variety of rare lesions that mostly include eccrine carcinomas and less commonly apocrine and mixed eccrine/apocrine tumors Primary…
Plasmacytoma
Plasmacytoma Key Points Plasma cell tumors are derived from a terminally differentiated cell in the B-lymphocyte lineage They originate in the bone marrow during the maturation process from B-blasts to…
