Microtia Reconstruction

Jul 15, 2019 by in OTOLARYNGOLOGY Comments Off on Microtia Reconstruction

Key Points ▪ Microtia is a congenital anomaly of the ear that occurs in about 0.03% of live births. It is estimated that at least half of these patients have…

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Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Jul 15, 2019 by in OTOLARYNGOLOGY Comments Off on Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Key Points ▪ Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in children has a negative impact on quality of life. ▪ Distinction between adenoiditis and CRS in children is difficult because of similar symptoms…

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Velopharyngeal Dysfunction

Jul 15, 2019 by in OTOLARYNGOLOGY Comments Off on Velopharyngeal Dysfunction

Key Points ▪ Velopharyngeal inadequacy refers to any type of dysfunction and may be categorized as insufficiency, incompetence, or mislearning. ▪ “Phoneme-specific” or “sound-specific” velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) involves abnormal production…

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Developmental Anatomy

Jul 15, 2019 by in OTOLARYNGOLOGY Comments Off on Developmental Anatomy

Key Points ▪ Head and neck anatomy is divided into fascial layers and triangles or levels, which serve as organizational units to manage the volume of anatomic detail in the…

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