Keywords Thyroid, parathyroid, thyroid cancer, risk group stratification, hyperparathyroidism Palpable nodularity in the thyroid gland is common, especially in women and older persons. The incidence of palpable nodularity in…
Keywords Nasopharynx, hypopharynx, oropharynx, transoral robotic surgery The pharynx is the intermediate part of the upper aerodigestive tract in the head and neck region, connecting the nasal cavity to…
Keywords parotid, salivary, facial nerve, deep lobe, reanimation Salivary glands are divided into major (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual) and minor salivary glands. Major salivary glands are paired structures, and…
Keywords Skull base, craniofacial, endonasal, cranial base Tumors involving the skull base of the anterior cranial fossa usually arise extracranially with secondary extension to the skull base. Occasionally intracranial…
Keywords Lymph nodes, neck dissection, nodal metastasis, extranodal extension One of the most important factors affecting prognosis for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract is…
Keywords mouth neoplasm, surgical management, surgery technique, multidisciplinary treatment The oral cavity represents the entrance to the upper aerodigestive tract, which begins at the lips and ends at the…
Keywords basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, scalp, skin The skin, by surface area, is the largest organ in the human body. In its role as a barrier…
Keywords Nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, endoscopic, maxillectomy, orbit Malignancies of the sinonasal tract are rare. They account for less than 10% of head and neck cancers, with an annual…
Keywords orbit, eyelids, oculoplastic surgery, exentration, orbitectomy Although they are relatively rare, tumors that involve the eyelids and orbit are a therapeutic challenge because of the complex anatomy and…
