Visual Optics
Introduction The human eye is a remarkable optical instrument ( ). Its performance has been honed by millennia of evolution to meet admirably the needs of the neural system that…
Soft Lens Materials
Introduction Soft contact lenses have had a massive impact on the global contact lens market since they became widely available in the early 1970s. Since their introduction, the number of…
Soft Lens Manufacture
Introduction Three techniques are currently employed to manufacture soft contact lenses – lathe cutting, spin casting and cast moulding. A fourth disruptive technology, three-dimensional (3-D) printing, has also been proposed,…
Soft Lens Optics
Introduction Single-vision soft contact lenses have a number of optically attractive features. They centre well on the cornea with only small amounts of lateral movement and hence introduce little additional…
The Place of Low Vision in Optometric Practice
The Organisation of Low Vision Services in the UK There is now an awareness worldwide that low vision services should aspire to adopt a holistic rehabilitative approach, rather than relying…
Inclusive and Universal Design
Definitions Universal design has been described as a design method to achieve the inclusion of as many people as possible throughout their life. The defines inclusive design as ‘The design…
Relative Distance Magnification: Decreasing the Viewing Distance
The Optical Principles of Plus-Lens Magnifiers The plus lens used as a magnifying aid is creating an increased retinal image size by allowing an object to be held close to…
Angular Magnification
The Optical Principles of Telescopes The principle of angular magnification is to use an optical system to change the angle formed at the nodal point of the eye by the…
Case Studies
There are many examples which could be given, but these cases have been chosen to illustrate the use of detailed record cards specific to Low Vision Assessments (Appendix 2), with…
Sensory Substitution
NONVISUAL STRATEGIES: AUDITORY AND TACTILE INFORMATION The most effective intervention for someone with vision impairment (VI) is usually the optimum use of residual vision, and several ways of achieving this…
