Multidisciplinary Orbital Tumors
The orbit lies adjacent to the cranial fossa, sinuses, middle face, and upper face. Therefore, the management of complex orbital tumors may require expertise across multiple disciplines. Orbitocranial tumors may…
Diagnosis and Management of Immune-mediated Disorders of the External Eye
Ocular surface immune-mediated diseases encompass a diverse spectrum of pathologies. Aberrant activation of the innate and adaptive immune responses underlies their immunopathogenesis. The conjunctiva is part of the secretory immune…
Approach to Depositions and Degenerations of the Cornea, Conjunctiva, and Sclera
Depositions and degenerative diseases of the cornea, sclera, and conjunctiva encompass a wide spectrum of pathologies. Degenerative diseases are common and usually result from physiologic changes related to aging, long-standing…
The History of Tube Shunts
The evolution of tube shunts presents a captivating journey through time, revealing the foundational theories that underpin current models and showcasing remarkable strides in biomaterials and bioengineering. These advancements have…
Distinguishing Papilledema from Pseudopapilledema in Children
Differentiating between papilledema and pseudopapilledema is a common and difficult clinical conundrum. Although the conditions appear similar on fundoscopy, the systemic implications are vastly different. Papilledema is a sign of…
Biosimilars in the Retina
In this article, we delve into the world of biosimilars, which are chemically comparable agents that seek to change the outlook of intravitreal treatment in retina practices. Biosimilars have been…
Ergonomics in Retina
Ophthalmologists are at an increased risk for musculoskeletal pain and injuries compared to other medical specialties, with significant repercussions. Inadequate ergonomics and limited postural awareness may exacerbate these issues, especially…
The Current Treatment of Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion and Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Retinal artery occlusion (RAO), including central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO), is an ischemic stroke syndrome characterized by sudden and painless vision loss. Non-arteritic RAO…
Advances in the Management of Dislocated Intraocular Lenses
While the rate of intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation is low, it is a significant potential complication of cataract surgery. We describe the key factors to consider before undergoing IOL refixation,…
Evaluation and Management of Postoperative Complications Following Cataract Extraction and Intraocular Lens Placement
This review explores postoperative challenges arising from cataract surgery, including intraocular lens (IOL) decentration or dislocation, refractive surprises, dysphotopsias, and IOL opacifications. IOL decentration or dislocation is rare. Refractive surprises…
