Ento Key

The revision of suboptimal results is a necessary part of any surgeon’s skills. Known factors that lead to suboptimal results include inaccurate placement of the crease incision, the use of…

The Upper Lid and Crease Studies have shown that about 50% of Asians do not have an upper eyelid crease; the other 50% have at least some form of crease….

In common usage, the eyelid crease is often meant to describe a natural inward creasing of the skin seen in the upper eyelid, typically dividing it into a lower segment…

Continuing to describe the Asian blepharoplasty technique used by the author, this chapter looks at the handling of the middle layer structures of the eyelid once the preaponeurotic (middle) space…

This chapter provides an overview of buried suture ligation methods (also known inaccurately in Asian languages as ‘non-incisional’ or ‘no-cut’ methods). Historical perspective and variances in technique are covered. Evolution…

Japanese Kanji (Chinese-based characters) and Hiragana writing denoting ‘double-eyelid crease technique’. (Courtesy of, and in remembrance of, Kazuko Chin.) It is my belief that a modified external incision technique allows…

Optimal Crease Design It is my experience that the nasally tapered crease is slightly easier to achieve surgically than the parallel crease. Most Asians who are not born with a…

This chapter deals with the technique used by the author to facilitate the likelihood of forming a crease in a single-lidded individual: by effective removal of redundant hindering tissues (proper…

A survey of the various papers in the literature on the external incision approach reveals that there is a wide variation in techniques and preferences when it comes to whether…

We have touched on the cultural diversity and linguistic differences among the Asian races. Ethnically the Asians who often request this type of cosmetic surgery include Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, Philippinos…