64.1 Reaction to Sounds

• After birth: startles to sudden loud noise

• 1/12: notices prolonged noise (e.g., vacuum cleaner) and may turn to it

• 4/12: quietens or smiles to familiar voice and turns to it when cannot see speaker

• 7/12: turns immediately to familiar voice across room or to quiet noises made on each side

• 9/12: listens to everyday sounds and searches for quiet sounds made out of sight

• 12/12: some response to own name

• >18/12: reluctant to turn to sound that is not meaningful

• From 3.5 years earphones may be used for testing

64.2 Making Sounds

• 4/12: soft sounds when awake; gurgles and coos

• 6/12: laughter-like sounds; sing-song vowel sounds (aa, mu, goo)

• 9/12: sounds to communicate in friendliness or annoyance; babbles (da da da); starts to imitate sounds

• 12/12: babbles loudly, conversational-type rhythm; use one or two recognizable words

• 15/12: lots of speech-like sounds; 2 to 6 recognizable words meaningfully

• 18/12: up to 20 words; tries to join in nursery songs