11.3

Uveitis

Introduction:

Intermediate and posterior forms of uveitis both commonly affect posterior structures of the eye. Anterior uveitis can also occasionally cause cystoid macular edema (CME).

Clinical Features:

Clinical findings vary widely depending on the specific disease state. Common symptoms include decreased vision, floaters, and a red, painful eye. Intraocular inflammation is the key finding. The primary location of intraocular inflammation determines whether anterior, intermediate, or posterior uveitis is present. Optic disc edema and CME may be associated clinical findings.

OCT Features:

The presence of optic disc edema, CME, subretinal fluid, and vitritis are clinical features of uveitis that can be well visualized with OCT. Active sarcoid posterior uveitis can lead to optic disc edema, CME, and subretinal fluid (Fig. 11.3.1). OCT is useful in this setting to monitor for treatment response (Fig. 11.3.2). Sarcoid anterior uveitis can also result in isolated CME, which can sometimes be more readily detected on an OCT thickness map rather than a line scan (Fig. 11.3.3). Pars planitis often leads to associated CME (Fig. 11.3.4

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