15.1

Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion

Introduction:

The incidence of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) is slightly less than that of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), possibly slightly less frequent. Patients typically present with acute painless, monocular vision loss affecting a sector of the visual field. The most common cause is embolus in about two-thirds of cases.

Clinical Features:

Retinal whitening is seen along the sector of retina that is supplied by the arterial branch from the central retinal artery (Fig. 15.1.1). The temporal hemisphere is most commonly affected. Emboli are often visualized at the site of blockage, which tends to be at a bifurcation point.

Figure 15.1.1 Color fundus photograph shows sectoral retinal whitening (arrowheads) in the distribution of the occluded branch retinal artery. There is also a visible embolus (arrow).

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