The Editorial Board of the american journal of ophthalmology gratefully acknowledges the contributions of these scientific reviewers to the integrity, accuracy, and quality of the journal . These reviewers generously contributed their knowledge, expertise, and time to review and evaluate the suitability of manuscripts for publication in the journal during the year 2015.

Vinay Aakalu

Luis Abad

Marwan Abouammoh

David H. Abramson

David Adams

Anita Agarwal

Donald Ahearn

Sabine Aisenbrey

Mashhoor Al Fayez

Elena Albe

Anthony Aldave

Christiane Al-Haddad

Jorge Alio

Norma Allemann

Richard Allen

Rando Allikmets

Noel Alpins

Rana Altan-Yaycioglu

Michael Altaweel

Wallace L.M. Alward

Balamurali Ambati

Renato Ambrosio, Jr.

Guillermo Amescua

Alex Amini

Douglas Anderson

Marcus Ang

Robert Ang

Rajendra Apte

James Aquavella

Makoto Araie

Carlos Arce

William Argus

Anthony Arnold

Jennifer Arnold

Kyle Arnoldi

James Augsburger

Tin Aung

Avni Avunduk

Ali Ayata

Augusto Azuara-Blanco

Takayuki Baba

Jason Bacharach

Lelio Baldeschi

Michael Banitt

James Banta

Katayoon Baradaran Ebrahimi

Howard Barnebey

Scott Barnes

Keith Barton

Dirk-Uwe Bartsch

Ziad Bashshur

Sayan Basu

Allen Beck

Bruce Becker

George Beiko

Michael Belin

Gianfranco Bellizzi

Caren Bellmann

Steven Bennett

Tos Berendschot

Daniel Berinstein

Francesco Bernardini

Carlo Bernardino

Audina Berrocal

M. Tariq Bhatti

Robert Bhisitkul

Anjali Bhorade

Perry Binder

Andrea Birnbaum

Ava Bittner

Gregory Blaha

Kevin Blinder

Preston Blomquist

Dana Blumberg

Mark Blumenkranz

Anna Boixadera

Michael Boland

Herbert Boldt

James Bolling

Norbert Bornfeld

David Boyer

Elizabeth Bradley

Steven Bradshaw

James Brandt

Milam Brantley, Jr.

Maria Brasil

Stanley Braverman

Scott Brodie

Geoffrey Broocker

David Brown

Donald Budenz

Michael Burdon

Claude Burgoyne

Miguel Burnier

Florence Cabot

Patrick Calvas

John Campbell

Mauro Campos

Roberto Caputo

Susan Carden

Valerio Carelli

Gianluca Carifi

Trevor Carmichael

Paolo Carpineto

Joseph Carroll

Enzo Castiglione

Paul Cauchi

Osman Cekic

Sonja Cekic

Giovanni Cennamo

Alejandro Cervino

Usha Chakravarthy

Maria Regina Chalita

Pratap Challa

Wallace Chamon

Clara Chan

Clement Chan

Stephanie Chan

Emmanuel Chang

John Chang

Peter Chang

Stanley Chang

Ta Chang

Woohyok Chang

Devron Char

Philippe Charlier

Imtiaz Chaudhry

Balwantray Chauhan

Pamela Chavis

Rohan Chawla

Soon-Phaik Chee

Baihua Chen

LJ Chen

Royce Chen

Simon Chen

Lingyun Cheng

David Chesnutt

Carol Cheung

Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung

Patricia Chevez-Barrios

Emily Chew

Michael Chiang

Flavia Chiosi

Kam Lung Chong

Neil Choplin

Itay Chowers

Emmanouil Christodoulakis

Jacqueline Chua

Marco Matteo Ciccone

Mehmet Citirik

Robert Clark

Rosa Coco Martín

Elisabeth Cohen

Salomon Cohen

Steven Cohen

August Colenbrander

Michael Colucciello

Marcus Colyer

John Conrath

Amanda Corey

Maria Cortina

Gabriel Coscas

Ciro Costagliola

Sarah Coupland

Alan Crandall

Oscar Cruz

Catherine Cukras

Susan Culican

Emmett Cunningham, Jr.

Christine Curcio

Andre Curi

Claus Cursiefen

Craig Czyz

Vincent Daien

Stephen Daiger

Bertil Damato

Ramin Daneshvar

Alessandro Daré

Stefanie Davidson

Kimberly Davis

Matthew Davis

Michael Davis

Daniel Dawson

Jean-Jacques De Laey

Brian DeBroff

Julio DeLeon-Ortega

Joseph Demer

Hakan Demirci

Sophie Deng

Laurence Desjardins

Efstathios Detorakis

Thomas Deutsch

Steven Dewey

Deepinder Dhaliwal

Mario Di Pascuale

John Dimopoulos

Ali Djalilian

Jack Dodick

Bernard Doft

Mahmut Dogramaci

Murat Dogru

Peter Dolman

Lance Doucette

J. Crawford Downs

William Driebe

Jacque Duncan

William Dupps

Daniel Durrie

Chiara Eandi

Charles Eberhart

Justis Ehlers

Richard Eiferman

Andrew Eller

Michael Elman

Ahmad Elsahn

Geoffrey Emerick

Arthur Epstein

Daniel Epstein

Haydar ErdoĞan

Bita Esmaeli

Edgar Espana

H Sprague Eustis

Christiane Falkner-Radler

Marjan Farid

Sascha Fauser

Amani Fawzi

Antonio Fea

Robert Fechtner

Robert Feldman

Joost Felius

Stephen Feman

Giulio Ferrari

Antonio Ferreras

Richard Fiscella

Gary Fish

Christina Flaxel

Michael Föerster

Rajesh Fogla

Robert Folberg

Donald Fong

Jill Foster

Brian Francis

Jasmine Francis

Clare Fraser

Sharon Freedman

William Freeman

Lars Freisberg

K. Bailey Freund

David Friedman

Scott Friedman

Steven Galetta

Anat Galor

Sunil Ganekal

Stuart Gardiner

Prashant Garg

Sumit Garg

Sunir Garg

Daniel Garibaldi

James Garrity

David Garway-Heath

Justus Garweg

Paul Gaudio

Henry Gelender

Hassan Ghasemi

Khalil Ghasemi Falavarjani

JoAnn Giaconi

Annette Giangiacomo

David Glasser

Parikshit Gogate

Roger Goldberg

Dan Gombos

José Gomes

Nuno Gomes

Russell Gonnering

John Gonzales

Mithra Gonzalez

William Good

Mark Gorovoy

Norimoto Gotoh

Douglas Gould

Peter Gouras

David Granet

Paul Greenberg

Ninel Gregori

Mark Greiner

Craig Greven

David Gritz

Davinder Grover

Andrzej Grzybowski

William Gualtieri

Jose Guell

Kaan Gündüz

Pawan Gupta

Preeya Gupta

Vishali Gupta

Rudolf Guthoff

Pedram Hamrah

J William Harbour

Alon Harris

Andrew Harrison

M. Elizabeth Hartnett

Lars-Olof Hattenbach

Mingguang He

Gregg Heatley

Thomas Hedges

Heinrich Heimann

Horst Helbig

Jeffrey Henderer

Andrew Hendrick

Stella Hennen

Leon Herndon

Dale Heuer

Richard Hida

Eve Higginbotham

Taiichi Hikichi

Peter Hildebrand

Lawrence Hirst

Fielding Hjetmancik

Elizabeth Hodapp

Kenneth Hoffer

Robert Hoffman

Graham Holder

John Holds

Jack Holladay

Gabor Hollo

Jonathan Holmes

Eric Holz

Frank Holz

Christopher Hood

Yoshihiro Hotta

Joshua Hou

Hugo Hsu

Fung-Rong Hu

Andrew Huang

Linda Huang

G. Baker Hubbard

Timothy Hug

Ruth Huna-Baron

David Hunter

Amy Hutchinson

Michele Iester

Hiroyuki Iijima

Yutaka Imamura

Maiko Inoue

Cristina Irigoyen

Sherwin Isenberg

Misaki Ishioka

Yasuki Ito

Geetha Iyer

Douglas Jabs

Martine Jager

Frederick Jakobiec

Jonathan Javitt

Bennie Jeng

Vishal Jhanji

Karla Johns

Chris Johnson

Daniel Johnson

Robert Johnson

Richard Johnston

Karen Joos

Charlotte Joslin

Larry Kagemann

Akihiro Kakehashi

Swathi Kaliki

John Kanellopoulos

Balaji Kannan

Murat Karacorlu

Panagiotis Karadimas

Zeynel Karcioglu

Randy Kardon

Mohsen Kashkouli

Bradley Katz

Stephen Kaufman

Aki Kawasaki

Ryo Kawasaki

Michael Kazim

Jeremy Keenan

Ewan Kemp

Yousuf Khalifa

Arif Khan

Ahmad Kheirkhah

Vikas Khetan

Emine Kiliç

Aylin Kiliç

Brian Kim

Stephen Kim

Tae-im Kim

Hayyam Kiratli

Shoji Kishi

Szilárd Kiss

Guy Kleinmann

Stephen Klyce

Akira Kobayashi

Douglas Koch

Thomas Kohnen

Hideki Koizumi

Gregg Kokame

Karanjit Kooner

Chryssanthi Koutsandrea

Jaclyn Kovach

Regis Kowalski

Igor Kozak

Allan Kreiger

Hatem Krema

Ronald Krueger

Ferenc Kuhn

Atul Kumar

Niranjan Kumar

Praveen Kumar

Anthony Kuo

Irene Kuo

Mark Kupersmith

Shree Kurup

Daryl Kurz

Shunji Kusaka

Lance Kwok

Steven Kymes

Francis La Rosa

Timothy Lai

Prajna Lalitha

Byron Lam

H. Michael Lambert

Michael Larsen

Robert Latkany

Simeon Lauer

Simon Law

Scott Lawrence

Andrew Lee

Brian Lee

Mun-Wai Lee

Richard Lee

Shu-Yen Lee

Wen-Hsiang Lee

William Lee

Yannek Leiderman

Michael Lemp

Alex Levin

Leonard Levin

Xiaoxin Li

Vasilios Liarakos

Jeffrey Liebmann

Peter Liggett

Sue Lightman

Lik Thai Lim

Amy Lin

Shan Lin

John Lind

Walter Lisch

Bingqian Liu

Christopher Liu

Yutao Liu

Noemi Lois

Marco Lombardo

Birgit Lorenz

Brandon Lujan

Damien Luviano

Gre Luyten

Jin Ma

Tamer Macky

Naoyuki Maeda

Maureen Maguire

Tamer Mahmoud

Miguel Maldonado

Nick Mamalis

Ronald Mancini

Mark Mannis

Frederico Marques

Samuel Masket

Miguel Materin

William Mathers

Alice Matoba

Akira Matsuda

Raj Maturi

Louise Mawn

Wolfgang Mayer

Colin McCannel

Timothy McCulley

Gerald McGwin

Martin McKibbin

Stephen McLeod

Felipe Medeiros

David Meltzer

Elizabeth Messmer

Eedy Mezer

Shahzad Mian

Ralph Michael

Darlene Miller

Richard Mills

Ashim Mitra

Masahiro Miura

Giulio Modorati

Sasan Moghimi

Annette Moll

Ilse Mombaerts

Anthony Moore

Sunil Moreker

Jessica Morgan

David Morrison

John Morrison

Andrew Moshfeghi

Majid Moshirfar

Heather Moss

Hardeep Mudhar

Wuqaas Munir

Timothy Murray

Milind Naik

Mayank Nanavaty

Khaled Nassar

Jerzy Nawrocki

Neema Nayeb-Hashemi

Daniel Neal

Jeffrey Nerad

Steven Newman

Marcelo Nicolela

Massimo Nicolo’

Bharti Nihalani

Naveed Nilforushan

Ken Nischal

Koji Nishiguchi

Kouros Nouri-Mahdavi

Gary Novack

Mario Nubile

Paolo Nucci

Giuseppe Nuzzi

Anna O’Connor

Nahoko Ogata

Yoko Ogawa

Michael O’Keefe

James Orcutt

Tetsuro Oshika

Cynthia Owsley

Miguel Paciuc

Paul Palmberg

Suresh Pandey

Thanos Papakostas

Michel Paques

Dipika Patel

Jacob Pe’er

Mark Pennesi

Kathryn Pepple

Jason Peragallo

Millicent Peterseim

W. Matthew Petroll

Daniel Petrovic

Axel Petzold

Dante Pieramici

Stefano Piermarocchi

Luisa Pierro

Stacy Pineles

David Plager

Antonio Polito

Zane Pollard

Kenneth Polse

Vittorio Porciatti

Michael Potter

Jean-Antoine Pournaras

Javier Prada

Venkatesh Prajna

Sashank Prasad

Francis Price, Jr.

Marianne Price

Omar Punjabi

Mujtaba Qazi

Giuseppe Querques

Harry Quigley

Peter Quiros

Hugo Quiroz-Mercado

Irving Raber

Tanja Rabsilber

Nathan Radcliffe

Seemant Raizada

Shetal Raj

Pradeep Ramulu

Kumar Rao

Christopher Rapuano

Robin Ray

Russell Read

Tony Realini

Franco Recchia

Ashvini Reddy

Carl Regillo

Bibiana Reiser

Kourous Rezai

Pukhraj Rishi

David Ritterband

Stanislao Rizzo

Alan Robin

Edward Rockwood

Eduardo Rodrigues

Eric Romanowski

Pedro Romero

David Rootman

Steven Rosenfeld

Jeanne Rosenthal

Mordechai Rosner

Daniel Roth

Steven Rubin

Christopher Rudnisky

Shimon Rumelt

Paul Rundle

Stephen Russell

Edwin Ryan

Taiji Sakamoto

James Salz

Thomas Samuelson

Michael Sandberg

Donald Sanders

Sheila Sanders

Virender Sangwan

Steven Sanislo

Marcony Santhiago

Edwin Sarver

Joseph Sassani

Miho Sato

Patrik Schatz

Joyce Schiffman

Ingo Schmack

Joe Schmitz

Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg

Susan Schneider

Muriel Schornack

Rachel Schrier

Joel Schuman

Ivan Schwab

Stephen Schwartz

Michael Scott

Andrea Scupola

Jonathan Sears

Jerry Sebag

Ori Segal

Gerami Seitzman

Michael Selbach

H. Nida Sen

Kyoung Yul Seo

Robert Sergott

Pete Setabutr

Sanket Shah

Namrata Sharma

Savitri Sharma

Lucy Shen

Mark Sherwood

Jun Shimazaki

Kimiya Shimizu

Shigeto Shimmura

Roman Shinder

Kei Shinoda

Fumio Shiraga

Roni Shtein

Carla Siegfried

John Simon

Francesca Simonelli

Joseph Simonett

Huibert Simonsz

Arun Singh

Rishi Singh

Jack Sipperley

Karen Sisley

Sobha Sivaprasad

Gregory Skuta

William Smiddy

Bradley Smith

R. Theodore Smith

Lucia Sobrin

Elliott Sohn

Alfred Solish

Arieh Solomon

Deniz Somer

Alfred Sommer

Brian Song

Jong Suk Song

Marco Songini

Baris Sonmez

Ahmed Souka

Eduardo Souza

George Spaeth

Richard Spaide

Jason Stahl

Jay Stallman

Robert Stamper

Walter Stark

Giovanni Staurenghi

Iane Stillitano

Michael Straiko

Doyle Stulting

Michael Stur

Prem Subramanian

Alan Sugar

Joel Sugar

Janet Sunness

Mihoko Suzuki

Tomo Suzuki

Christopher Ta

Audrey Talley Rostov

Donald Tan

Koji Tanaka

Radhika Tandon

Johnny Tang

Jeremiah Tao

Michael Taravella

Ivan Tavares

Simon Taylor

Ron Teed

Jaime Tejedor

Thomas Theelen

Panagiotis Theodossiadis

John Thompson

Jennifer Thorne

John Tong

Trexler Topping

Paul Tornambe

Theofilos Tourtas

Aisha Traish

Carlo Traverso

Michael Trese

Rupal Trivedi

Graham Trope

Chieh-Chih Tsai

James Tsai

Ray Tsai

Scheffer Tseng

Efthymia Tsina

Angelo Tsirbas

Kazuo Tsubota

Sonal Tuli

Murat Tunc

Michael Twa

Miki Uchino

Ira Udell

Tetsuo Ueda

Michael Ulbig

Pravin Vaddavalli

Thasarat Vajaranant

Rasik Vajpayee

Corina Van de Pol

Erik van Kuijk

Woodford Van Meter

James Vander

Brian VanderBeek

Abhay Vasavada

Daniel Vasconcelos-Santos

Demetrios Vavvas

Luis Vazquez

Paul Veldman

Pradeep Venkatesh

Elizabeth Verner-Cole

Edoardo Villani

Adda Villanueva

Andrea Vincent

Kateki Vinod

Francesco Viola

Gianni Virgili

John Vukich

Ajeet Wagle

David Wallace

Stephen Waller

Li Wang

Pamela Weber

Henk Weeber

Xin Wei

Mitchell Weikert

David Weinberg

Andreas Weinberger

Feng Wen

Ralph Wesley

Charles Wilkinson

M. Wilson

William Wirostko

Tien Wong

Martha Wright

David Wu

Lihteh Wu

Darrell WuDunn

Haruhiko Yamada

Jiong Yan

Yasuo Yanagi

Lawrence Yannuzzi

Robert Yeatts

Elizabeth Yeu

Sonia Yoo

Akitoshi Yoshida

Nagahisa Yoshimura

Norm Zabriskie

Karla Zadnik

Gerald Zaidman

Simi Zaka-ur-Rab

Marco Zarbin

Michael Zegans

Wadih Zein

Hong Zhang

Yingfeng Zheng

Mohammed Ziaei

Manfred Zierhut

Eberhart Zrenner