, Nidhi Relhan Batra1, Stephen G. Schwartz2 and Andrzej Grzybowski3, 4
(1)
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
(2)
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Naples, Florida, USA
(3)
Chair of Ophthalmology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
(4)
Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Poznan, Poland
- 1.
Postoperative endophthalmitis
- (a)
Following cataract surgery: Acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis
Coagulase (−) Staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, gram-negative bacteria
- (b)
Following cataract surgery: Delayed-onset postoperative endophthalmitis
P. acnes, coagulase (−) Staphylococci, fungi
- (c)
Following glaucoma surgery: Conjunctival filtering bleb-associated infection and endophthalmitis
Streptococcus species, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus species
- (d)
Following glaucoma surgery: Endophthalmitis associated with glaucoma drainage devices
- (e)
Following elective corneal transplant
- (a)
- 2.
Posttraumatic endophthalmitis
Bacillus species (30–40%), Staphylococcus species
- 3.
Endogenous endophthalmitis
Candida species, Staphylococcus aureus, gram-negative bacteria
- 4.
Endophthalmitis associated with keratitis
Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus species
- 5.
References: Endophthalmitis (General Reviews)
American Academy of Ophthalmology. Cataract/Anterior Segment Summary Benchmark—2016 for Preferred practice pattern® guidelines. https://www.aao.org/summary-benchmark-detail/cataract-anterior-segment-summary-benchmark-2016. Accessed 5 May 2017.
Cataract in the Adult Eye PPP—2016. American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) Preferred Practice Pattern (PPP) Cataract/Anterior Segment Panel, Hoskins Center for Quality Eye Care. https://www.aao.org/.../cataract-in-the-adult-eye-ppp-pdf. Accessed May 27 2017.
Packer M, Chang DF, Dewey SH, Little BC, Mamalis N, Oetting TA, et al. Prevention, diagnosis, and management of acute postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2011;37(9):1699–714.
Schwartz SG, Flynn Jr. HW, Scott IU. Endophthalmitis: classification and current management. Expert Rev. Ophthalmol. 2007;2(3):385–96.
Vaziri K, Schwartz SG, Kishor K, Flynn HW, Jr. Endophthalmitis: state of the art. Clin Ophthalmol. 2015;9:95–108.
Wykoff CC, Parrott MB, Flynn HW, Shi W, Miller D, Alfonso EC. Nosocomial acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis at a University Teaching Hospital (2002–2009). Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;150(3):392–8.e2.
Figure 1.1
Acute-onset endophthalmitis. A 78-year-old male patient with acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. (a) The patient presented with conjunctival congestion, mild corneal edema, hypopyon, hazy view to the posterior segment, and hand motions (HM) vision. Patient underwent vitreous tap and intraocular antibiotics (vancomycin and ceftazidime). The vitreous culture was positive for Staphylococcus epidermidis resistant to all fluoroquinolones and sensitive to vancomycin. (b) At 8-month follow-up, the patient regained best corrected visual acuity of 20/30
Figure 1.2
Acute-onset endophthalmitis. A 68-year-old male patient with acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. (a) The patient presented with conjunctival congestion, mild corneal edema, hypopyon, and hand motions (HM) vision. Patient underwent vitreous tap and intraocular antibiotics and was culture positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) resistant to all fluoroquinolones. (b) At 6-month follow-up, the patient regained best corrected visual acuity of 2/200 with persistent corneal haze
Figure 1.3
Acute-onset endophthalmitis. A 66-year-old male patient with acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. (a) The patient presented with conjunctival congestion, fibrinous reaction in the anterior chamber, hypopyon, polypropylene suture at 12 o’clock to close a sector iridectomy, restricted view to the posterior segment, and hand motions (HM) vision. The patient underwent vitreous tap and intraocular antibiotics and was culture positive for coagulase-negative Staphylococcus . (b) At 1-year follow-up, the patient regained best corrected visual acuity of 20/30. The polypropylene suture was not removed at the time of treatment
