Rhinology is the subspeciality that deals with the function and disorders of the nose (external and internal) and the paranasal sinuses. Although the two most obvious functions, respiration and olfaction, tend to receive most attention, it is good to recall that the nose has numerous other functions. With regard to respiration, the nose not only takes in air but also humidifies, warms, and filters the air. The nose and sinuses also participate in voice production and modulation through their role in production of resonance. The cosmetic function of the nose also deserves attention. Because of its exposed position in the middle of the face, it may be affected by trauma. The nose is also part of the constellation of factors that identify one’s ethnicity. Although many of the nasal and sinus disorders result from inflammatory and other problems immediately in that area, some symptoms result from systemic diseases or conditions (such as pregnancy) that affect the region secondarily. Also, many systemic medications have secondary impact on the nasal cavity.